What is the primary function of aerobic bacteria in wastewater treatment?

The primary function of aerobic bacteria in wastewater treatment is to decompose organic matter. These microorganisms thrive in oxygen-rich environments and utilize oxygen to break down organic materials, which are prevalent in wastewater. Through this process, they convert complex organic compounds into simpler substances, releasing energy that supports their growth and reproduction.

Aerobic decomposition is crucial in reducing the biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater, making it less harmful before it is released into the environment or further treated. By effectively decomposing organic matter, aerobic bacteria play a key role in maintaining water quality and preventing pollution.

While aerobic bacteria also contribute to the formation of biomass, which can settle and form sludge, that is not their primary function. Stabilizing solids and controlling pH are important aspects of wastewater treatment as well, but they are secondary to the primary role of decomposing organic matter.