What is the term for the solid material removed during the treatment of wastewater?

The term for the solid material removed during the treatment of wastewater is sludge. In wastewater treatment processes, sludge consists of a mixture of solids that accumulate at the bottom of treatment tanks, primarily composed of organic matter, bacteria, and other debris that is removed from the water during the treatment process.

Sludge is generated during various stages of wastewater treatment, particularly in processes such as sedimentation, where heavier particles settle out of the water flow. Managing sludge effectively is a crucial aspect of wastewater treatment, as it requires further processing, stabilization, and disposal or reuse to mitigate environmental impacts and comply with regulatory standards.

The other terms provided refer to different aspects or byproducts related to wastewater treatment. Scum is typically the floating material that forms at the surface of treatment tanks, often consisting of fats, oils, and greases. Residuals refer more broadly to any remaining material after treatment, which can include both sludge and scum. The term reef does not have a relevant connection to wastewater treatment processes.